Name: 
 

Chapter 11: Cultivation and Domestication



True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
 

 1. 

Food foragers do not work as hard as farmers to survive.
 

 2. 

Domestication of plants and animals took place in only one part of the world and then spread from there to other parts of the world.
 

 3. 

All of the crops grown by Iroquoians are native to Ontario.
 

 4. 

The presence of stone walls surrounding mud brick houses in which lived some 400-900 people indicates that Jericho was a Neolithic settlement.
 

 5. 

Domesticated animals cannot be distinguished from their wild counterparts.
 

 6. 

The Huron, Neutral and Petun are Iroquoian peoples in Ontario who had an agricultural way of life.
 

 7. 

Transhumance is a highly ineffective method of food production.
 

 8. 

In Ontario, the Princess Point culture comes after the Iroquoian culture.
 

 9. 

Food foragers remain as foragers because they do not understand the basic principles behind agriculture.
 

 10. 

Iroquoian villages tend to be found on floodplains.
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

The term "Neolithic" means
a.
New Lithium Age.
b.
Modern Age.
c.
Middle Stone Age.
d.
Old Stone Age.
e.
New Stone Age.
 

 2. 

The Neolithic grew out of the Mesolithic about _____ years ago.
a.
40,000
b.
125,000
c.
70,000
d.
11,000
e.
200,000
 

 3. 

The __________ is the characteristic Mesolithic tool.
a.
microlith
b.
scraper
c.
chopper
d.
burin
e.
atlatl
 

 4. 

Choose the statement that is INCORRECT about agricultural origins in Ontario.
a.
the Iroquoian people depended entirely on agriculture.
b.
crops included corn, beans, tobacco, squash, sunflower.
c.
they often had enough surplus to last several years.
d.
sites were occupied for 10 to 20 years at a time.
e.
produce was traded with northern hunter gatherer groups.
 

 5. 

The change from a soft to a hard stem in early domesticated plants involves a genetic change, a result of what we call _____________, or the preservation of valued variants.
a.
domestication
b.
speciation
c.
unconscious selection
d.
vegeculture
e.
natural selection
 

 6. 

Championed by V. Gordon Childe, the __________ holds that people in Africa and Southwest Asia were forced to rely on collecting wild grasses and seeds, and then had to turn to domestication to provide food for their growing populations
a.
the desiccation theory
b.
the theory of population growth
c.
the warfare theory
d.
the alliance theory
e.
the oasis theory
 

 7. 

The change from hunter gatherer to agriculture occurred in Ontario       ________________.
a.
after A.D. 1300.
b.
after contact with Europeans.
c.
sometime between A.D. 400 and A.D. 1100.
d.
around A.D. 150.
e.
1000 B.C.E.
 

 8. 

The shift from food foraging to domestication of plants and animals
a.
always results in improvement of food supplies.
b.
is the result of a few leaders making intelligent decisions.
c.
can be done within a single growing season.
d.
often has long-term consequences that cannot be predicted.
e.
is always done consciously.
 

 9. 

Domestication of plants and animals is more likely to take place in __________
a.
environmentally diverse regions.
b.
forests.
c.
oases.
d.
temperate zones.
e.
open savanna.
 

 10. 

Barley from Southwest Asia had tougher stems by 9,000 years ago, less husk by 8,000 years ago, and more seeds by 7,500 years ago. This means that
a.
humans were colonizing the tundra.
b.
barley was degenerating.
c.
barley was becoming domesticated.
d.
food foraging was more successful than farming.
e.
rice was being introduced from China.
 

 11. 

The __________ was an Archaic cultures of northeastern North America, centered on the Gulf of St. Lawrence
a.
Natufian culture
b.
Peruvian culture
c.
Maritime Archaic culture
d.
Mesolithic culture
e.
Mexican culture
 

 12. 

Vegeculture is _________
a.
all of these choices
b.
thought to be a more stable mode of cultivation than seed crop cultivation because many different species are grown in a single field.
c.
found in Ecuador and Mexico.
d.
none of these choices
e.
root crop farming.
 

 13. 

Between 9,000 and 3,500 years ago, maize, beans, and squash were cultivated in an environmentally diverse valley in
a.
Southeast Asia.
b.
Mexico.
c.
northern China.
d.
Europe.
e.
Southwest Asia.
 

 14. 

Approximately 60% of the crops grown today were first domesticated in __________
a.
Southeast Asia.
b.
the Americas.
c.
Australia.
d.
Southwest Asia.
e.
Western Europe.
 

 15. 

The _________ is what anthropologist Sidney Mintz calls the phenomena that in all cases, people developed the same categories of foods: a starch accompanied by one or more grain and bean staple.
a.
Neolithic revolution
b.
hypoplasia effect
c.
core-fringe-legume pattern
d.
domestication cycle
e.
agricultural revolution
 

 16. 

What was the effect of the Natufian's use of sickles to harvest grain?
a.
New plant varieties were introduced to compliment those already grown.
b.
Crop production dwindled as grain was lost during the harvesting process.
c.
They began to switch to animal domestication, and then became full-time pastoralists
d.
Selection for plants which did not readily lose their seeds was increased.
e.
They began to switch to animal domestication, and then became full-time pastoralists and new plant varieties were introduced to compliment those already grown.
 

 17. 

The Curator of Ontario Archaeology at the Museum of Civilization is _________________. He has worked in the Eastern, Central and Western Subarctic and the Lower Mackenzie Valley.
a.
V. Gordon Childe
b.
Sidney Mintz
c.
Knut Fladmark
d.
Jean-Luc Pilon
e.
Robert Braidwood
 

 18. 

In southeastern Turkey there was an increase in pig bones in human trash, coupled with a heavy bias in favour of a very young animals is indicative of a taste for suckling pigs and the beginning of stock management by _____________ years ago.
a.
20,400
b.
10,500
c.
200,000
d.
50,000
e.
150,000
 

 19. 

Comparison of wild and archaeological sunflower seeds from an archaeological site in Ontario __________________.
a.
showed that many different species of sunflowers were being harvested.
b.
showed no differences.
c.
showed that the Iroquois were collecting wild seeds.
d.
indicated that the useful parts of domesticated plants are much larger than their wild counterparts.
e.
none of these choices.
 

 20. 

In China, domestication of ___________ was underway along the middle Yangtze River, by about 11,000 years ago.
a.
legumes
b.
rice
c.
potatoes
d.
grain
e.
maize
 

 21. 

While rice is the oldest domesticated plant identified in Southeast Asia, __________ were also domesticated at about the same time.
a.
sweet potatoes and taro
b.
taro and yams
c.
yams and fungi
d.
corn and beans
e.
squash and potatoes
 

 22. 

Vegeculture is the cultivation of domesticated ___________.
a.
seeds
b.
root crops
c.
legumes
d.
none of these choices
e.
cuttings
 

 23. 

The earliest full-fledged farming settlements are found in Southwest Asia and mostly date between __________ years ago.
a.
20,000 and 17,000
b.
4,500 and 3,100
c.
5,550 and 4,000
d.
9,000 and 7,500
e.
10,300 and 9,000
 

 24. 

In addition to the domestication of plants and animals, one of the characteristics of the Neolithic period is the extensive manufacture and use of __________.
a.
fire
b.
pottery
c.
art
d.
boats
e.
animal skin housing
 

 25. 

Study of plant remains collected by flotation has shown the Iroquois ________.
a.
used both domesticated and wild plants.
b.
unintentionally increased game populations as a result of agriculture.
c.
grew sunflowers for their seeds.
d.
all of these choices.
e.
none of these choices.
 

Matching
 
 
Match the mode of subsistence to its definition.
a.
cultivation of root crops
b.
herding
c.
moving seasonally from one area to another
d.
gardening without use of irrigation or plough
e.
growing extensive crops with use of irrigation or plough
 

 1. 

agriculture
 

 2. 

horticulture
 

 3. 

vegeculture
 

 4. 

transhumance
 

 5. 

pastoralism
 
 
Match the site/term/concept.
a.
matrilineal agriculturalists in Ontario
b.
Cultural group immediately preceding Iroquoian
c.
the process of humans modifying their environment
d.
Epipaleolithic tool
e.
an example of a Epipaleolithic culture from the Mediterranean
 

 6. 

Princess Point
 

 7. 

microlith
 

 8. 

Natufian
 

 9. 

Iroquoian
 

 10. 

Anthropogenesis
 



 
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