Name: 
 

Chapter 10: Homo sapiens and the Upper Paleolithic


True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
 

 1. 
Compared to Neandertals, Cro-Magnons were less muscular, and had smaller teeth and jaws.
 

 2. 
18000 years ago, Canada was mostly covered by massive ice sheets.
 

 3. 
Upper Paleolithic peoples were the first to get to places like Siberia, Australia, and New Guinea.
 

 4. 
The characteristic Mesolithic tool was the hand axe.
 

 5. 
Canadian research has indicated that early people moving south from the Bering Strait region had to travel incredibly long distances at a time because they could not stop as there were no unglaciated areas for them to use.
 

 6. 
The author of your textbook feels that Clan of the Cave Bear is a reasonably accurate portrayal of Cro-Magnon and Neandertal peoples.
 

 7. 
The arrival of human populations in Alaska was the result of an actual migration of monumental proportions.
 

 8. 
Upper Paleolithic peoples wore tailored clothing that was probably similar to clothing worn by indigenous peoples in Canada.
 

 9. 
Knut Fladmark at Simon Fraser University has indicated that analysis of microdebitage and microartifacts could be very useful.
 

 10. 
David Pokotylo at the Museum of Anthropology at the University of British Columbia underwent reconstructive surgery on his hand where obsidian tools he made himself were used.
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
_________________, the first Early Paleoindian ‘fluted point’ site in British Columbia was discovered and excavated by Knut Fladmark at Simon Fraser University.
a.
Charlie Lake Cave
b.
Kilgii Galway
c.
Bluefish Cave
d.
Debert Site
e.
Brno
 

 2. 
The ____________ are the Europeans of the Upper Paleolithic after about 36,000 years ago.
a.
Neandertals
b.
Oldowan
c.
Cro-Magnon
d.
Mousterian
e.
Solutrean
 

 3. 
The typical Upper Paleolithic tool was the
a.
chopper.
b.
Levalloisian tortoise shell.
c.
hammerstone.
d.
blade.
e.
baton.
 

 4. 
The ___________ is found among all Upper Paleolithic peoples.
a.
Oldowan tradition.
b.
none of these choices
c.
hafting technique.
d.
pressure flaking technique.
e.
Mousterian tradition.
 

 5. 
Striking flakes off a cylindrical core, Upper Paleolithic humans could get _______ metres of working edge from a 1kg core.
a.
6
b.
3
c.
25
d.
12
e.
22
 

 6. 
Chen Shen at the Royal Ontario Museum is known for his research ___________.
a.
on the change in stone tool technology during the shift to agriculture in Ontario.
b.
on wear patterns on stone tools.
c.
the development of Paleolithic microblades in China.
d.
microartifact study of Solutrean points.
e.
all of these choices except the microartifact study of Solutrean points.
 

 7. 
The Solutrean laurel leaf blades of the Upper Paleolithic
a.
gave the Solutreans military dominance.
b.
were used for the tips of arrows.
c.
were made from the pressure-flaking technique.
d.
were used to carve bone, horn, antler, and ivory.
e.
were made with burins.
 

 8. 
Evidence shows that Upper Paleolithic peoples had a variety of  tools that enabled them to live in a wide variety of environments and kill thousands of animals. On the basis of this evidence, what would you predict about their physical appearance in comparison with Middle Paleolithic peoples?
a.
They would have had larger teeth and stronger jaws to eat all the meat they had succeeded in killing.
b.
In cold areas where large game was hunted, they would not have needed a robust frame because of their improved technology, and a smaller body would have survived periods of adversity more effectively; thus body sizes would have become smaller and less robust.
c.
none of these choices
d.
They would have had larger bones and muscles to be able to use the weapons effectively against game and predators.
e.
They would have had larger teeth and stronger jaws to eat all the meat they had succeeded in killing and they would have had larger bones and muscles to be able to use the weapons effectively against game and predators .
 

 9. 
__________ had a clear appreciation of art.
a.
H. erectus
b.
H. habilis
c.
Neanderthal
d.
Australopithecines
e.
Upper Paleolithic peoples
 

 10. 
Upper Paleolithic art
a.
all of these choices
b.
includes abstract designs.
c.
includes sculpture and engravings made of stone, ivory, antler, and baked clay.
d.
includes paintings of entopic phenomena visualized during the trance state.
e.
often depicts mammals like bison, stags, and horses.
 

 11. 
The first hominine to spread to the Americas was
a.
H. habilis.
b.
H. erectus.
c.
Aegyptopithecus.
d.
anatomically modern man.
e.
Neandertal.
 

 12. 
Based on the dates from Monte Verde, linguist Johanna Nichols suggests that the first people to enter North America did so by _______ years ago
a.
35,000
b.
65,000
c.
7,000
d.
20,000
e.
12,500
 

 13. 
The oldest known site in glaciated Canada is the _____________ site in Nova Scotia.
a.
Charlie Lake Cave
b.
Vail
c.
Debert
d.
Meadowcroft
e.
Altimira
 

 14. 
Paleoindians
a.
had distinctive fluted spear points.
b.
had distinctive fluted spear points and hunted large Pleistocene mammals and may have helped to drive them to extinction only.
c.
hunted large Pleistocene mammals and may have helped to drive them to extinction.
d.
had distinctive fluted spear points, hunted large Pleistocene mammals and may have helped to drive them to extinction, and lived about 12,000 years ago in Europe.
e.
lived about 12,000 years ago in Europe.
 

 15. 
One of the major Paleolithic trends was ___________
a.
a move towards more and more standardization in artistic expression from North America to Europe and Asia
b.
the inclusion of Neandertals into modern human lines
c.
a decrease in the overall cranial capacity.
d.
the systematic destruction of the Neandertals by big game hunters.
e.
toward increasingly more sophisticated, varied, and specialized tool kits.
 

 16. 
The Cro-Magnons of Europe have suffered their share of idealization on the part of physical anthropologists; at one time they were depicted as having a somewhat ________________ appearance.
a.
ape-like
b.
grotesque
c.
god-like
d.
Christ-like
e.
high fashion model-like
 

 17. 
The earliest evidence of figurative pictures go back ___________ years in Europe and are probably equally old in Africa.
a.
250,000
b.
10,000
c.
50,000
d.
100,000
e.
32,000
 

 18. 
Which Paleoindian site is NOT located in Canada:
a.
Bluefish Caves
b.
Kilgii Gwaay
c.
Charlie Lake Cave
d.
Debert
e.
all of these sites are located in Canada.
 

 19. 
Securely dated remains from ______________, a site in south central Chile indicate that populations had spread as far as the southern part of South America by 12,500 years ago, if not earlier.
a.
Torralba
b.
Bilzingsleben
c.
Monte Verde
d.
Ambrona
e.
Bodo
 

 20. 
The development of ___________ around 29,000 and 22,000 years ago probably accounts for the high number of hare, fox, and other small mammal bones in many archaeological sites.
a.
obsidian blades
b.
arrows
c.
boats
d.
net hunting
e.
spears
 

 21. 
While it is impossible to know how much gene flow took place among ancient populations, evidence that it did is supported by _____________
a.
the consistency of rock art painting styles into the historic period, and their inclusion of entopic phenomena.
b.
the sudden appearance of novel physical traits in one region later than their appearance somewhere else.
c.
Baltic amber and sea shells hundreds, sometimes thousands, of miles away from their source.
d.
language families.
e.
the divergence of tool kits and styles of tools among ancient peoples.
 

 22. 
A typical Clovis site like the Debert site in Nova Scotia ___________________.
a.
does not indicate large, permanent settlements.
b.
indicates the people were relatively mobile.
c.
were probably situated in order to take advantage of migrating animals.
d.
have artifacts scattered over about 9 hectares.
e.
all of these choices.
 

 23. 
As human populations grew and spread, regionalism also became more marked. The persistence of regionalism is probably due to two factors. Which of the following are the factors for the persistence of regionalism?
a.
The need for territory.
b.
The need for aggressive behaviour.
c.
The need to adapt to differing environments.
d.
A perceived need to distinguish symbolically one's own people from others.
e.
The need to adapt to differing environments and a perceived need to distinguish symbolically one's own people from others.
 

 24. 
Choose the statement about the Kilgii Gwaay site on Ellen Island in British Columbia that is INCORRECT:
a.
the site dates to about 9500-9400 years ago.
b.
there is a lot of evidence of biface and microblade manufacture.
c.
the people ate shellfish, bear, and didn’t eat a lot of salmon.
d.
the site suggests that coastal habitats were quite common.
e.
all of these choices are incorrect.
 

 25. 
One possible explanation of how the first people arrived in the Americas before 13,000 years ago is ___________
a.
they evolved from earlier archaic Homo sapiens already here.
b.
they arrived by boat, perhaps traveling between islands.
c.
none of these choices
d.
they didn't: the archaeological evidence supports the fact that people did not arrive in the Americas until after 13,000 years ago.
e.
they were here because of the interconnection of the continental land masses.
 

Matching
 
 
Match the term/concept
a.
Bright pulsating forms that are generated by the central nervous system and seen in states of trance
b.
A broad concept including intelligence, educability, concept formation, and self-awareness, among others.
c.
Stone tools with chisel-like edges used for working bone and antler
d.
The earliest inhabitants of North America
e.
Europeans of the Upper Paleolithic after about 36,000 years ago
 

 1. 

 Entopic phenomena
 

 2. 

 Paleoindian
 

 3. 

 Cro-Magnons
 

 4. 

 Cognitive capacity
 

 5. 

 Burins
 
 
Match the term/concept.
a.
A system of making stone tools by using wedge-shaped cores.
b.
allowed killing animals from farther away, and resulted in less robust bodies.
c.
a system of making stone tools by using a pressure-flaking technique.
d.
highly debated interpretations about gender, fertility, power.
e.
the result of large-scale Upper Paleolithic hunting using jumps.
 

 6. 

 bow and arrow
 

 7. 

 Northwest Microblade Tradition
 

 8. 

 Venus figurines
 

 9. 

 boneyards
 

 10. 

 Solutrean
 



 
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