True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or
false.
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1.
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Kwäday Dän Ts’inchi, the individual found in a glacier in
British Columbia is likely female.
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2.
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Most archaeological sites are above ground and can easily be located.
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3.
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In Canada, archaeologists prefer to use the term ‘pre-contact’
instead of prehistoric when referring to peoples of the past.
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4.
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Radiocarbon dating is primarily used by paleoanthropologists; archaeologists
typically find potassium-argon dating more useful.
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5.
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Amino acid racemization dating is a method performed on bone.
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6.
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The erosion of the banks of the Grand River in Ontario led to the discovery of
the oldest pastoral site in Ontario.
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7.
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Fossils are found in sites while archaeological remains are found in
localities.
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8.
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In Canada, construction projects that require government approval will not be
authorized unless measures are taken to identify and protect archaeological remains that may be
there.
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9.
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Woodwork, textiles, and basketry are destroyed in warm, tropical climates, so it
is impossible to learn from them.
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10.
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Bogs such as those found in Labrador are a good place to find preserved
clothing.
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Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the
statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The main reason why paleoanthropologists need to know geology is because:
a. | they need to use pickaxes and other tools to remove fossils. | b. | a fossil is of
little value unless its temporal place in the sequence of rocks that contain it be
determined. | c. | fossils are rocks. | d. | all of these choices. | e. | none of these
choices. |
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2.
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A material object that shows signs of having been made or altered by humans is
called a/an
a. | abstract ideal. | b. | paleoanthropologist. | c. | relic
collector. | d. | fossil. | e. | artifact. |
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3.
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Most fossils have been altered; their organic molecules have been replaced
by
a. | metal. | b. | water. | c. | calcium
carbonate. | d. | ice. | e. | DNA. |
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4.
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Mammoths frozen in ice, insects in Baltic amber, or mummified remains in peat,
oil, or asphalt bogs are all examples of
a. | unaltered artifacts. | b. | artifacts. | c. | altered
fossils. | d. | unaltered fossils. | e. | commonly found
fossils. |
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5.
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Archaeologists _______________.
a. | can take as long as they want to excavate sites. | b. | can pick the type of
information they wish to record. | c. | record all aspects of a
site. | d. | don’t need to describe the exact location of every artifact or bone
recovered. | e. | none of these choices. |
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6.
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Evidence of temporary hunting camps or permanent villages are called
archaeological ____________.
a. | fossils. | b. | datum points. | c. | grid
systems. | d. | sites. | e. | fossil
localities. |
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7.
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Archaeological surveys in Canada are routinely carried out
_______________.
a. | as part of municipal planning. | b. | as part of provincial
planning. | c. | as part of federal planning. | d. | only if human remains are
discovered. | e. | all of these choices except only if human remains are
discovered. |
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8.
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In South Africa, human remains have been found in rock fissures. These remains
were dropped there by predators, like leopards or eagles, and there they fossilized. Such localities
are referred to as
a. | rubbish dumps for contemporary humans. | b. | temporary human hunting
campsites. | c. | kill sites where humans butchered game. | d. | fossil
localities. | e. | archaeological sites. |
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9.
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Which of the following techniques have been used to locate archaeological
sites?
a. | photographs taken from satellites in space | b. | all of these
techniques have been used | c. | consulting documents, maps, and
folklore | d. | observation of different patterns of vegetation growth | e. | observation of
stains in the soil that indicate the presence of a buried site |
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10.
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In archaeology, _____________ is everything.
a. | an artifact | b. | context | c. | laboratory
work | d. | preservation | e. | time |
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11.
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A system for recording the excavation of artifacts in which the excavation area
is divided into squares and the contents of each square are carefully recorded is called
a. | a grid system. | b. | flotation. | c. | a datum
point. | d. | paleoanthropology. | e. | stratification. |
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12.
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The Vermillion Lake site in Canada was found when ________________.
a. | a farmer ploughed his field and turned up artifacts. | b. | the Trans-Canada
highway was widened in Banff. | c. | a survey for a new housing development was
performed. | d. | a cow fell down a cave shaft. | e. | none of these
choices. |
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13.
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What is the purpose of a grid system?
a. | To record the precise location of an object. | b. | To recover small
objects immersed in water. | c. | To fence-out wayward
animals. | d. | To reconstruct the past through the excavation of soil. | e. | To tell relic
collectors where to find artifacts to sell to private collectors. |
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14.
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The goal of an archaeological excavation is _________________.
a. | to salvage archaeological and fossil material | b. | to find lots of
artifacts | c. | to shed light on the human past and help us understand cultural and evolutionary
processed in general. | d. | all of these choices | e. | none of these
choices |
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15.
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Analysis of human skeletal remains
a. | tells us about the history of climate variation. | b. | have become more
difficult to carry out. | c. | provides important insights into peoples'
diets and have become more difficult to carry out. | d. | all of these choices. | e. | provides important
insights into peoples' diets. |
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16.
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Archaeologists get clues about how an artifact was used by
a. | removing it from its context to look at it without interference from misleading
clues. | b. | dissolving it with chemicals. | c. | coating it with latex. | d. | analyzing its shape
and signs of wear and tear. | e. | cutting it into pieces and looking at it under
the microscope. |
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17.
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Which of the following is an example of relative dating?
a. | fluorine testing | b. | potassium-argon analysis | c. | dendrochronology | d. | electron spin resonance | e. | radiocarbon
analysis |
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18.
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In an archaeological site in which there are several clearly distinguishable
layers of earth, you find a piece of finely glazed china in the fifth (lowest) layer and a piece of
unglazed pottery in the first (highest) layer. You assume that the unglazed pottery was made more
recently than the finely glazed pottery. In making such an assumption you are using the method
of
a. | dendrochronology. | b. | potassium-argon analysis. | c. | palynology. | d. | stratigraphy. | e. | fluorine
analysis. |
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19.
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The use of tree rings to assign chronometric dates is called
a. | dendrochronology. | b. | matrix analysis. | c. | stratigraphy. | d. | potassium-argon analysis. | e. | palynology. |
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20.
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The half-life of radioactive potassium is
a. | 1.3 million years. | b. | useful for measuring the age of things as old
as 70,000 years. | c. | both 1.3 million years and useful for measuring things millions and billions of years
old | d. | useful for measuring things millions and billions of years old. | e. | 5,730
years. |
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21.
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"Kwäday Dän Ts’inchi," means __________ in the
Southern Tsutchone language.
a. | brave warrior | b. | long ago person found | c. | great
discovery | d. | whisper from the ice | e. | little one lost |
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22.
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What evidence clearly indicated the presence of pre-contact archaeological sites
at Wanuskewin Heritage Park outside Saskatoon?
a. | tipi rings | b. | projectile point artifacts | c. | medicine wheel
features | d. | large mounds | e. | all of these choices except for large
mounds |
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23.
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_______________ have been used with the amino acid racemization technique to
date sites in the middle parts of the Old Stone Age (Paleolithic) in Africa and the Middle
East.
a. | rock art sites | b. | goat bones | c. | ostrich egg
shells | d. | ceramic sherds | e. | charcoal |
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24.
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The scientific team mentioned in the article " Kwäday Dän
Ts’inchi," determined by radiocarbon dating that the boy died about __________.
a. | 5200 A.D. | b. | 1400 A.D. | c. | 20,000
B.C. | d. | 1200 B.P. | e. | 1 million B.C. |
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25.
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Laboratory tests and analysis of the frozen body in the original study
"Kwäday Dän Ts’inchi" will not contribute which of the following
kinds of information?
a. | political ideology. | b. | religious beliefs. | c. | paleodiet | d. | information on how aboriginal peoples traveled
across glaciers | e. | political ideology and religious beliefs |
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Matching
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Match the technique. a. | volcanic ash | b. | wood | c. | organic remains | d. | bone | e. | pollen |
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1.
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dendrochronology
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2.
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potassium-argon analysis
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3.
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palynology
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4.
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radiocarbon dating
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5.
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fluorine test
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Match the term with the appropriate example. a. | mammoth frozen in a Siberian
glacier | b. | rock fissure in South Africa | c. | maps and folklore | d. | storage
pit | e. | stone tool |
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6.
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ethnohistorical data
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7.
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artifact
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8.
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feature
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9.
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fossil locality
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10.
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unaltered fossil
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